ماموریت ماه آرتمیس: به سوی سکونت انسان در اعماق فضا 

Half a century after iconic Apollo Missions which allowed twelve men to walk on the ماه بین سالهای 1968 و 1972 ، ناسا is set to embark on ambitious ماه آرتمیس Mission designed not only to create long term انسان presence on and around the ماه but also to learn lessons in preparation for انسان missions and habitations on مارس. عمیق فضا انسان habitation, enabling انسان to become a multi سیاره species to thwart the risk of extinction is still a very far dream however a beginning is to happen in near future.

“Since, in the long run, every سیاره ای civilization will be endangered by impacts from فضا, every surviving civilization is obliged to become spacefaring—not because of exploratory or romantic zeal, but for the most practical reason imaginable: staying alive.” - کارل سیگان، 1994.

Artemis I, an uncrewed flight test, the first in a series of الهه ماه و شکار’s increasingly complex missions to the ماه, is scheduled to lift off on 29 August 2022. This will pave the way for future crewed flights (Artemis II, Artemis III, and beyond) to the قمری surface. In 2024, Artemis will land the first woman and the first person of colour on the ماه.  

چه مجموعه الهه ماه و شکار apart is its aim to build a base camp on the lunar surface to give astronauts a place to live and work on the ماه. Artemis Base Camp includes a modern cabin, a rover, and a mobile home. It is true that انسان have been living and working on International فضا Station (ISS) for several years however Artemis Mission will allow astronauts to live on the surface of another celestial body, hence one can argue that Artemis would be first concrete step towards colonisation of deep فضا. This aspect makes Artemis special.  

The Artemis ماه ماموریت ، ناسا collaborative programme with European فضا Agency (ESA) and Canadian فضا Agency (CSA) has three objectives –scientific discovery, economic benefits, and inspiration for new generation. There are six components of the mission  

• Orion spacecraft: The exploration vehicle that will carry crew to فضا, provide emergency abort, sustain the crew during the travel and provide safe re-entry to the Earth.  
• فضا Launch System (SLS) Rocket: The heavy-lift rocket that will launch Orion spacecraft. 
• سیستم های زمینی اکتشافی (EGS): از پرتاب و بازیابی فضانوردان بازگشتی پشتیبانی می کند. 
• The Gateway: the spaceship in lunar مدار that will serve as multi-purpose outpost در حال چرخش la ماه where astronauts will transfer between Orion and the lander. This will provide essential support for long-term انسان return to the lunar surface  
• انسانی Landing System: Lander will take astronauts from the Gateway in the lunar مدار به سطح ماه and back to the Gateway in the مدار. 
• Artemis Base Camp: will serve as the home and the workplace for a crew of four astronauts on the surface of the ماه for about 30-60 days. This will enable crew is to stay on the ماه for up to two months at a time. 

انسانی habitation system is the key piece of the mission for living longer in deep فضا both for extending duration of operation as well as for optimal physical and mental wellbeing of the astronaut. This is certainly an imperative for future mission to مارس. The Transit Habitat is envisioned for long-duration missions.  

پایدار انسان habitation on the surface of the ماه is a very ambitious goal because of unique challenges posed by the lunar environment and the remoteness from the Earth. Notwithstanding this, experiences gained in successful operation of International فضا Station (ISS) for over two decades should contribute in Artemis ماه ماموریت  

The Artemis Base Camp, as humanity’s first long-term home on land outside Earth will enable انسان ماموریت ها به مارس. With this, the idea of making انسان چندسیاره species begins.

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منابع:  

1. ناسا آرتمیس. موجود در https://www.nasa.gov/specials/artemis/ 

2. ناسا برنامه آرتمیس. موجود در https://www.nasa.gov/artemisprogram 

3. G. Flores, D. Harris, R. McCauley, S. Canerday, L. Ingram and N. Herrmann, “Deep فضا Habitation: Establishing a Sustainable انسانی Presence on the Moon and Beyond,” 2021 IEEE Aerospace Conference (50100), 2021, pp. 1-7, doi: https://doi.org/10.1109/AERO50100.2021.9438260 

4. NASA. Artemis Deep Space Habitation: Enabling a Sustained انسانی Presence on the Moon and Beyond. Available at https://ntrs.nasa.gov/api/citations/20220000245/downloads/Artemis%20Deep%20Space%20Habitation%20Enabling%20a%20Sustained%20Human%20Presence%20on%20the%20Moon%20and%20Beyond%20(3).pdf 

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